Shakyamuni Buddha teaching the Larger Sutra |
“Thus
have I heard” is
the starting formula of any genuine teaching (sutra) of Shakyamuni Buddha. It represents
the testimony of Ananda and other direct disciples of the Enlightened One, as
well as their successors, that what they transmitted to us, the future
generations, is the authentic teaching of Shakyamuni himself, and not something
they invented. These words are always followed by the historical place where
the sutra was delivered – in our case, the Vulture Peak in Rajagṛha, and the
audience gathered there to listen to it:
“Thus have I heard. At one time
the Buddha was staying on Vulture Peak in Rājagṛha with a large company of
twelve thousand monks. They were all
great sages who had already attained supernatural powers. Their names
included the following: Venerable Ājnāta kauṇḍinya, Venerable Aśvajit,
Venerable Vāṣpa, Venerable Mahānāma, Venerable Bhadrajit, Ven erable Vimala,
Venerable Yaśodeva, Venerable Subāhu, Venerable Pūrṇaka, Venerable Gavāṃpati,
Venerable Uruvilvākāśyapa, Venerable Gayākāśyapa, Venerable Nadīkāśyapa,
Venerable Mahākāśyapa, Venerable Śāriputra, Venerable Mahāmaudgalyāyana,
Venerable Kapphiṇa, Venerable Mahākauṣṭhila, Venerable Mahākātyāyana, Venerable
Mahācunda, Venerable Pūrṇa maitrāyaṇīputra, Venerable Aniruddha, Venerable
Revata, Venerable Kimpila, Venerable Amogharāja, Venerable Pārāyaṇika, Venerable
Vakkula, Venerable Nanda, Venerable Svāgata, Venerable Rāhula, and Venerable Ānanda.
All of these were elders.